Paediatric neurosurgery is concerned with the study and treatment (prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, therapy, intensive care and rehabilitation) of surgical or potentially surgical diseases of the central nervous system, peripheral and autonomic including their coverings, vascularisation and annexes, such as pituitary, as well as the operatory and non-operatory handling of pain, whatever the patient's age. They are also responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies such as plagiocephaly, craniosynostosis and other cranial anomalies.